Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
3
4
2017
04
08
Morphological and physical study of Cu-Ni sintered porous wicks used in heat pipes and fuel cells
255
266
EN
Mona
Moayeri
Department of Advanced Materials & Renewable Energy, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
mo_moayeri@yahoo.com
Ali
Kaflou
Department of Advanced Materials & Renewable Energy, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
ali.kaflou@irost.ir
Davood
Sadeghi
Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran
d.sadeghi@irost.org
10.22104/ijhfc.2017.481
Recently, the use of renewable energies has increased to environmental pollution, limitation of fossil energy resources and energy security One of the means that enable us to use such energies is fuel cells (FC). However, there are many problems in the commercialization of FC from an economically and operation perspective. One of the most important problems is heat management. New heat pipes are being developed for this purpose. A heat pipe is made from a “porous coat” on a base metal. In this study, a Cu-Ni porous layer with a thickness of ~300µm was considered as the coating on a Cu-Ni base metal with two kinds of powder (mixed and ball milled). The morphology and physical properties of the coatings, such as porosity, permeability and effective thermal conductivity, were investigated. The best permeability was obtained for the base metals coated with powder which was ball milled for 6 hours. Thermal conductivity of samples increased (by 9.5%) when using ball milled powder. Porosity of coated samples decreased with ball milled powder in comparison to mixed powder.
Copper-Nickel powder,Sintered porous wicks,Porosity,Permeability,heat Pipe & Fuel cell,Thermal Conductivity
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_481.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_481_38238271bcc9ffc5199f675a5eeb4fb6.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
3
4
2017
04
08
Exergy Analysis of a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell-Turbo Expander-Steam Turbine Hybrid Cycle
267
279
EN
Hassan Ali
Ozgoli
Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), P.O. Box: 3353-5111, Tehran, Iran
a.ozgoli@irost.ir
10.22104/ijhfc.2017.480
Exergy analysis of an integrated molten carbonate fuel cell-turbo expander-steam turbine hybrid cycle has been presented in this study. The proposed cycle has been used as a sustainable energy approach to provide a micro hybrid power plant with high exergy efficiency. To generate electricity by the mentioned system, an externally reformed molten carbonate fuel cell located upstream of the combined cycle has been used. Furthermore, the turbo expander and steam turbine systems have been considered as topping and bottoming cycles for the purpose of cogeneration, respectively. Results show that the proposed system is capable of reaching a net delivered power of<em> </em>1125 kW, while the total exergy efficiency (including both electricity and heat) of this system is more than 68%. Moreover, the delivered power and exergy efficiency from the proposed cycle is stable against ambient temperature variations. In addition, the effect of a current density increase on cell voltage and total exergy destruction has been considered.
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell,Turbo Expander,Steam Turbine,Exergy Efficiency,Hybrid Cycle
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_480.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_480_3c3cee6b30411bbf610d1d3666cdfa69.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
3
4
2016
12
01
Effect of batch vs. continuous mode of operation on microbial desalination cell performance treating municipal wastewater
281
290
EN
Atiyeh
Ebrahimi
Department of Civil-Environmental Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Iran
ebrahimi.at@gmail.com
Ghasem
Najafpour
Babol Noshirvani University of Technology
najafpour8@gmail.com
Daryoush
Kebria
Department of Civil-Environmental Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Iran
dy.kebria@nit.ac.ir
10.22104/ijhfc.2016.473
Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) have great potential as a cost-effective and green technology for simultaneous water desalination, organic matter removal and energy production. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of a MDC under batch and continuous feeding conditions. Hence, power and current output, coulombic efficiency, electron harvest rate, desalination rate and COD removal were calculated during the operation. According to the obtained results, the MDC performance exhibited some changes when the reactor switched from batch to continuous mode. The continuously operated MDC indicated a maximum power density of 15.9 W.m<sup>-3</sup> and an average salt removal rate of 80%. In comparison, the batch MDC demonstrated the maximum power density and average salt removal rate of 13.9 W.m<sup>-3</sup> and 68.1%, respectively. In addition, 83.7% of COD was removed in the continuously fed MDC at a hydraulic retention time of two days, which was 13.8% more than amount of COD removed in MDC under a two days batch process. The obtained results revealed that enrichment of anolyte under controlled continuous feeding conditions would relatively improve the MDC performance.
Batch process,Continuous process,Microbial desalination cell,Wastewater treatment,Power density
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_473.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_473_b5cfb96e7785d0df55fcf0a6bd3905ba.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
3
4
2016
12
01
Methanol steam reforming; Effects of various metal oxides on the properties of a Cu-based catalyst
291
299
EN
Mohammad Ali
Ghafouri Roozbahani
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Lavizan, P.O. Box 15875-1774, Tehran, Iran
mohammadalighafoori@gmail.com
mahmoud
ziarati
malek ashtar university
maziarati@yahoo.com
Nahid
Khandan
Department of chemical technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
khandan@irost.org
10.22104/ijhfc.2016.474
Ternary Cu/ZnO/metal oxide catalysts are prepared through the co-precipitation method under strict control of parameters like pH, calcination conditions, and precipitation temperature in a systematic manner. The metal oxides applied in this study consist of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, ZrO<sub>2</sub>, La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Ce<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The distinction of this work in comparison with similar research is a comprehensive investigatation of the catalytic properties of metal oxides (including conversion, selectivity and stability) which have the potential for use in the methanol steam reforming process. The catalysts are characterized through XRD, SEM and BET. The prepared catalysts are applied in methanol steam reforming in a fixed bed reactor. A TGA analysis performed for all four catalysts determined that the Ce<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and ZrO<sub>2</sub> metal oxide catalysts showed the best results in terms of stability with a coke formation of 0.7wt% and 0.8wt%, respectively; and maximum surface area is related to Cu/ZnO/Ce<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, which can result in excellent stability and Cu dispersion. Overall, the obtained results indicate that the ZrO<sub>2</sub> metal oxide catalyst is the best candidate to be applied in methanol steam reforming due to its higher activity, selectivity and yield. The hydrogen selectivity and yield of Cu/ZnO/ZrO<sub>2</sub> after 6 hours of experiment were 80.02% and 46.4%, respectively.
Methanol steam reforming,Hydrogen,Cu-based catalyst,Co- precipitation,Metal oxide
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_474.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_474_845df4e939554b100477579a83eb03ef.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
3
4
2016
12
01
Effect of recycling solid oxide fuel cell products on the performance of a SOFC-Gas turbine hybrid system
301
313
EN
Morteza
Rajabinasab
Institute of Energy, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
mortezarajabinasab31@gmail.com
Mehran
Ameri
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
ameri_mm@uk.ac.ir
Masoud
Iranmanesh
Institute of Energy, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
m.iranmanesh@kgut.ac.ir
Saber
Sadeghi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
s.sadeghi@kgut.ac.ir
10.22104/ijhfc.2016.486
In this study, the effect of recycling fuel cell products on the performance of a solid oxide fuel cell and gas turbine (SOFC-GT) hybrid system was investigated. Three types of products recycling are considered: cathode products recycling (CPR), anode products recycling (APR), and both cathode and anode products recycling (BACPR). In the present work, operating temperature and limiting current density was calculated from governing equations by the trial and error method. Furthermore, the effect of pressure ratio and air utilization factor on the performance of the SOFC-GT hybrid system is considered. Results show that CPR has more effect on the performance of hybrid systems than APR. The total electrical efficiency of the hybrid system increases as the cathode recycle ratio (CRR) increases and decreases as the anode recycle ratio (ARR) decreases. In addition, results show that the hybrid system with BACPR can achieve a higher overall electrical efficiency of approximately 75%.
Hybrid system,Solid oxide fuel cell,Gas turbine,Cathode product recycling,Anode product recycling
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_486.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_486_c71d5390841a8c21c5ae3531ea79ee0c.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
3
4
2017
05
27
Investigation of the catalytic performance and coke formation of nanocrystalline Ni/SrO-Al2O3 catalyst in dry reforming of methane
315
322
EN
Elaheh
Amir
Catalyst and Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kashan
eng_e_amir@yahoo.com
Mehran
Rezaei
Catalyst and Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kashan
rezaei@kashanu.ac.ir
Fereshteh
Meshkani
Catalyst and Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kashan
meshkani@kashanu.ac.ir
10.22104/ijhfc.2017.488
In this study, nickel catalysts supported on mesoporous nanocrystalline gamma alumina promoted by various strontium contents were prepared by the impregnation method and employed in dry reforming of methane (DRM). The prepared catalysts were characterized using N2 adsorption (BET), temperature-programmed reduction and oxidation (TPR,) and oxidation (TPDTPO), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. TPR analysis revealed that the increases in Sr content enhanced the reducibility of the catalysts. The obtained results indicated that increasing Sr content increased both the methane and carbon dioxide conversions. In addition, the CO2 conversion was higher than the CH4 conversion due to the occurrence of the reverse water gas shift reaction. Among the studied catalysts, Ni/10% Sr-Al2O3 exhibited the highest catalytic activity and the lowest carbon formation. This catalyst showed high stability without any decrease in methane conversion up to 12 h of reaction. The results of this study could be employed in developing an industrial catalyst for the dry reforming reaction.
Nickel catalyst,Strontium,Dry reforming,Nanocrystalline
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_488.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_488_4bbd6c623be153ed1fa2287e22998ac0.pdf