Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
2
3
2015
08
01
Optimization of the preparation procedure of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst for steam reforming of n-butane
139
149
EN
Davood
Saydi
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Lavizan, P.O. Box 15875-1774, Tehran, Iran
davood.saydi@gmail.com
Mahmoud
Ziarati
malek ashtar university
maziarati@yahoo.com
Nahid
Khandan
Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science & Technology (IROST), P.O. Box 3353111, Tehran, Iran
nahid.khandan@gmail.com
AmirAli
Zaherian
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave., P.O. Box 11365-9465, Tehran, Iran
zaherian@gmail.com
10.22104/ijhfc.2015.220
Performance of Ni/Al2O3 catalysts (10 wt.% Ni) in steam reforming of n-butane was investigated in terms of n-butane conversion, selectivity to hydrogen and hydrogen yield. The process was carried out in a fixed-bed tubular reactor at 650 °C and atmospheric pressure. The volumetric flow rates of n-butane and steam were 0.1 mL/min and 0.6 mL/min, respectively. The catalysts were prepared by precipitation-sedimentation method at different precipitation, drying and calcination temperatures as well as precursor types. Synthesized catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and BET analyses. It was found that Ni- Nitrate as the precursor was more favorable than the other. Mathematical predictive formulas were generated for responses by Design Expert software. Also, the optimum condition of the catalyst preparation was obtained by using the response surface methodology (RSM). Ultimately, it was concluded that the overall optimum condition were: Tprecipitation= 30°C, Tdrying= 115°C, Tcalcination= 700°C .
Ni/Al2O3,n-butane,Optimization,Steam reforming,Nano-sized catalyst
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_220.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_220_efbdc4810de99cd05681be3cd4636751.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
2
3
2015
12
22
Preparation of Pd composite membrane via organic-inorganic activation method in electroless plating technique
151
158
EN
Sona
Jamshidi
Nanostructure Material Research Center (NMRC), Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 51335-1996, Sahand New Town, Tabriz, Iran
s_jamshidi@sut.ac.ir
Zahra
Kouzegar
Nanostructure Material Research Center (NMRC), Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 51335-1996, Sahand New Town, Tabriz, Iran
z.kouzegar@gmail.com
Ali Akbar
Babaluo
Nanostructure Materials Research Center (NMRC)
a.babaluo@sut.ac.ir
Mohmmad
Haghigi
Reactor and Catalysis Research Center (RCRC), Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 51335-1996, Sahand New Town, Tabriz, Iran
m.haghighi@yahoo.com
10.22104/ijhfc.2015.195
A palladium composite membrane was prepared via electroless plating technique using organic-inorganic method during activation process. The ceramic support surface was modified by two TiO2-boehmite and one γ-alumina layers to avoid Pd penetration in support pores. Thin and defect-free Pd composite membrane was obtained by creating a relative smoothness on the ceramic support and using Pd nanoparticles in the activated layer. The resulting membrane showed an infinite selectivity for H2/Ar with H2 flux in the range of 0.005-0.035 mol/m2s depending on operating conditions. The hydrogen flux was linearly proportional to the pressure difference across the membrane at different temperatures and then the pressure exponent n was very close to 1. According to linear relationship of Arrhenius plot, the activation energy Ea of Pd membrane was calculated to be 22.54 kJ/mol. H2 permeance kept over 0.023 mol/m2s and the separation factor of H2/Ar over infinite at 773 K for 240 h, confirming high potential of the prepared membrane in H2 purification at high temperatures.
Pd nanoparticles, Intermediate layer,Relative smoothness,Pd membrane,Hydrogen purification
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_195.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_195_128edc4f025f974ecc7a14dc03fca577.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
2
3
2015
08
01
Modeling and Optimization of non - isothermal two- phase flow in the cathode gas diffusion layer of PEM fuel cell
159
168
EN
Hassan
Hassanzadeh
Birjand University faculty member
h.hassanzadeh@birjand.ac.ir
Seyed Hadi
Golkar
MS student
seyedhadigolkar@gmail.com
10.22104/ijhfc.2015.218
In this paper, a non-isothermal two-phase flow in the cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) of PEM fuel cell is modeled. The governing equations including energy, mass and momentum conservation equations are solved by numerical methods. Also, the optimal values of the effective parameters such as the electrodes porosity, gas diffusion layer (GDL) thickness and inlet relative humidity are calculated using the optimization algorithms. Optimization is done by considering the fuel cell voltage as the objective function. The results show that by increasing the relative humidity of the air, the rate of evaporation in cathode GDL and temperature distribution across the fuel cell decreases. Among the different methods of optimization, the best method for two phase flow is Simulated Annealing algorithm. Optimum porosity of the electrodes, GDL thickness and relative humidity are obtained 0.44, 0.24 mm and 99%, respectively. The fuel cell power density at optimum condition increased 6% compared to the base condition.
PEM fuel cell,two-phase flow,Optimization,Non isothermal,Saturation
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_218.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_218_3e8a42d11cf8db9c9eabdd0acb6ba9ff.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
2
3
2016
02
22
Density Functional Studies on Crystal Structure and electronic properties of Potassium Alanate as a candidate for Hydrogen storage
169
179
EN
Samira
Adimi
Renewable Energies, Magnetism and Nanotechnology Research Laboratory; Department of Physics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
samira_ad2002@yahoo.com
Hadi
Arabi
Renewable Energies, Magnetism and Nanotechnology Research Laboratory; Department of Physics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
arabi-h@um.ac.ir
Shaban Reza
Ghorbani
Renewable Energies, Magnetism and Nanotechnology Research Laboratory; Department of Physics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
sh.ghorbani@um.ac.ir
Faiz
Pourarian
Department of Materials Science and Engineering,. Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa USA
caspianfp@gmail.com
10.22104/ijhfc.2016.211
Potassium Alanate is one of the goal candidates for hydrogen storage during past decades. In this report, initially the Density Functional Theory was applied to simulate the electronic and structural characteristic of the experimentally known KAlH4 complex hydride. The relaxation of unit cell parameters and atomic positions was performed until the total residual force reduced less than 0.001ev per unit cell. The final deduced cell parameters of this orthorhombic structure were a=8.834, b=5.763, c=7.328A˚. Calculations were carried out by using Projected Augmented Plane wave method via QUANTUM ESPRESSO Package. In the next step, the Density of States calculations together with band structure results, showed that our data coincide with a non-magnetic KAlH4 insulator with a band gap of 5.1ev. In order to investigate the nature of chemical bonds in the crystal structure, the charge density distribution in (100),(010),(001),(110) planes, along with Born Effective charge and Löwdin population was used. The results show the transition of a partial charge from K+ cation to [AlH4]- subunit which leads to an ionic bond.
Hydrogen storage materials,Alanate,complex Hydrides,Density Functional Theory,electronic structure
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_211.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_211_fe464b648478d9d053dfac98bea2fe32.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
2
3
2016
02
02
Numerical analysis of reactant transport in the novel tubular polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
181
196
EN
akbar
Mohammadi-Ahmar
School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
akbar.mohammadi@ut.ac.ir
Mohammad-Reza
Elhami
School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Imam Hossein, Tehran, Iran
mohammad-reza.elhami@ut.ac.ir
behzad
osanloo
School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
b_osanloo91@ms.tabrizu.ac.ir
10.22104/ijhfc.2016.212
In present work, numerical analysis of three novel PEM fuel cells with tubular geometry was conducted. Tree different cross section was considered for PEM, namely: circular, square and triangular. Similar boundary and operational conditions is applied for all the geometries. At first, the obtained polarization curve for basic architecture fuel cells was validated with experimental data and then results of novel tubular three architectures were compared with basic conventional geometry. The results showed that for one case in V=0.4 volt, circular and square tubular models gives up to 27.5 and 8 percent outlet current density more than base model, whereas in triangular model predicts the decrease of 14.37 percent compared to the base model. Because square tubular and in particular circular tubular models doesn’t have sharp edges, uniform reaction could take place in allover the catalyst layer of cathode and anode electrodes and therefore the distribution of the hydrogen, oxygen and water is uniform. Also circular geometry due to use of all the reaction surface and lacking of dead zones produces higher power outputs. The temperature distribution in lateral direction in the reaction zone for three configurations indicates that maximum temperature for circular tubular has the lowest values in comparison to two other cases that is resulting from uniform surface reaction for this geometry. The results presented in this paper can be used for designing novel architecture of fuel cells.
CFD,PEM fuel cell,novel tubular architectures,current density,reaction surface
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_212.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_212_7f5eac968d38fa488f68ef461c592335.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)
Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage
2980-8537
2980-8863
2
3
2015
08
01
Study the stability of Si, Ge, Fe and Co in the interior surface of metallic carbon nanotube for hydrogen storage
197
205
EN
Hadi
Arabi
Renewable energies, Magnetism and nanotechnology research laboratory; Department of physics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
arabi-h@um.ac.ir
S.Vahid
Hosseini
Renewable energies, magnetism and nanotechnology research lab., Department of physics, faculty of science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
va.hosseini@yahoo.com
Ahmad
kompany
Renewable energies, magnetism and nanotechnology research lab.,
Department of physics, faculty of science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
kompany@um.ac.ir
10.22104/ijhfc.2015.213
In this article, we have performed calculations for studying the stability of the carbon group elements such as Si and Ge and also the magnetic elements like Fe and Co via first principle investigations. We found that Si and Ge decoupled from the interior surface of carbon nanotubes, this fact was independent in curvature, radius, conductivity and numbers of atoms in the carbon nanotubes. But the magnetic elements bonded to the surface of the tube via electronegativity factor. The binding energy calculated for Co is -3.82 eV which is more stable than that of Fe (-2.65 eV) due to decrease more in its magnetization. The magnetization of Fe and Co changed from 4.00 μ_B to 3.40 μ_B and 3.00 μ_B to 1.75μ_B respectively. Finally, we came to conclusion that carbon group elements are favorable for hydrogen absorption inside the carbon nanotube whereas the magnetic elements are suitable for hydrogen adsorption.
stability,carbon nanotubes,Si,Fe,hydrogen storage
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_213.html
https://hfe.irost.ir/article_213_a70a8b3150dd80d1a8758c293d9fd791.pdf